GE 115 - College Algebra
Table of Contents
Chapter P: Fundamental Concepts of Algebra
Section P.1: Algebraic Expressions and
Real Numbers
- Algebraic Expressions
- Example 1.1
- Evaluating Algebraic Expressions - The Order of Operations
- Examples 1.2 - 1.4
- Formulas and Mathematical Models
- Sets
- The Set of Real Numbers
- The Real Number Line
- Ordering the Real Numbers
- Absolute Value
- Distance between Points on a Real Number Line
- Properties of Real Numbers and Algebraic Expressions
- Simplifying Algebraic Expressions
- Properties of Negatives
Section P.2: Exponents and Scientific Notation
- The Product and Quotient Rules
- Zero as an Exponent
- Negative Integers as Exponents
- The Power Rule for Exponents (Powere to Powers)
- The Products-to-Powers Rule for Exponents
- The Quotients-to-Powers Rule for Exponents
- Simplifying Exponential Expressions
- Scientific Notation
- Converting from Scientific to Decimal Notation
- Converting from Decimal to Scientific Notation
- Computations with Scientific Notation
- Applications: Putting Numbers in Perspective
Section P.3: Radicals and Rational Exponents
- Square Roots
- Simplifying Expressions of the Form SQRT(a^2)
- The Product Rule for Square Roots
- The Quotient Rule for Square Roots
- Adding and Subtracting Square Roots
- Rationalizing Denominators and Numerators
- Other Kinds of Roots
- Rational Exponents
Section P.4: Polynomials
- How We Describe Polynomials
- Adding and Subtracting Polynomials
- Multiplying Polynomials
- The Product of Two Binomials: FOIL
- Multiplying the Sum and Difference of Two Terms
- The Square of a Binomial
- Special Products
- Polynomials in Several Variables
Section P.5: Factoring Polynomials
- Common Factors
- Factoring by Grouping
- Factoring Trinomials
- Factoring the Difference of Two Squares
- Factoring Perfect Square Trinomials
- Factoring the Sum and Difference of Two Cubes
- A Strategy for Factoring Polynomials
- Factoring Algebraic Expressions Containing Fractional and Negative Exponents
Section P.6: Rational Expressions
- Rational Expressions
- Simplifying Rational Expressions
- Multiplying Rational Expressions
- Dividing Rational Expressions
- Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions with the
Same Denominator
- Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions with the
Different Denominators
- Complex Rational Expressions
Chapter 1: Equations and Inequalities
Section 1.1: Graphs and Graphing Utilities
- Points and Ordered Pairs
- Example 1.1.1
- Graphs of Equations
- Example 1.1.2
- Graphing Equations and Creating Tales Using a Graphing Utility
- Intercepts
- Interpreting Information Given by Graphs
- Example 1.1.3
Section 1.2: Linear Equations and Rational Equations
- Solving Linear Equations in One Variable
- Linear Equations with Fractions
- Rational Equations
- Types of Equations
Section 1.3: Models and Applications
- Problem Solving with Linear Equations
- Solving a Formula for One of its Variables
Section 1.4: Complex Numbers
- The Imaginary Unit i
- Operations with Complex Numbers
- Example 1.4.1
- Multiplying Complex Numbers
- Example 1.4.2
- Example 1.4.3
- Example 1.4.4
- Complex Conjugates and Division
- Example 1.4.5
- Roots of Negative Numbers
- Example 1.4.6
- Example 1.4.7
- Example 1.4.8
Section 1.5: Quadratic Equations
- Solving Quadratic Equations by Factoring
- Solving Quadratic Equations by the Square Root Property
- Completing the Square
- Solving Quadratic Equations Using the Quadratic Formula
- The Discriminant
- Determining Which Method to Use
- Applications
Section 1.6: Other Types of Equations
- Polynomial Equations
- Radical Equations
- Equations with Rational Exponents
- Equations That Are Quadratic in Form
- Equations Involving Absolute Value
Section 1.7: Linear Inequalities and Absolute Value Inequalities
- Interval Notation
- Intersections and Unions of Intervals
- Solving Linear Inequalities in One Variable
- Inequalities with Unsual Solution Sets
- Solving Compound Inequalities
- Solving Inequalities with Absolute Value
- Applications
Chapter 2: Functons and Graphs
Section 2.1: Basics of Functions and Their
Graphs
- Relations
- Functions
- Functions as Equations
- Function Notation
- Graphs of Functions
- The Vertical Line Test
- Obtaining Information from Graphs
- Identifying Domain and Range from a Functions's Graph
- Identifying Intercepts from a Function's Graph
Section 2.2: More on Functions and Their
Graphs
- Functions and Difference Quotients
- Piecewise Functions
- Increasing and Decreasing Functions
- Relative Maxima and Relative Minima
- Even and Odd Functions and Symmetry
- Step Functions
Section 2.3: Linear Functions and Slope
- The Slope of a Line
- The Point-Slope Form of the Equation of a Line
- The Slope-Intercept Form of the Equation of a Line
- Equations of Horizontal and Vertical Lines
- The General Form of the Equation of a Line
- Using Intercepts to Graph Ax + By + C = 0
- Applications
Section 2.4: More on Slope
- Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
- Slope as Rate of Change
- The Average Rate of Change of a Functions
Section 2.5: Transformations of Functions
- Graphs of Common Functions
- Vertical Shifts
- Horizontal Shifts
- Reflections of Graphs
- Vertical Stretching and Shrinking
- Horizontal Stretching and Shrinking
- Sequence of Transformations
Section 2.6: Combinations of Functions;
Composite Functions
- The Domain of a Function
- The Algebra of Functions: Sum, Difference, Product, and Quotient of Functions
- Composite Functions
- Determine Domains for Composite Functions
- Decomposing Functions
Section 2.7: Inverse Functions
- Verifying Inverse Functions
- Finding the Inverse of a Functions
- The Horizontal Line Test and One-to-One Functions
- Graphs of f and f-1
- Finding the Inverse of a Domain-Restricted Function
Section 2.8: Distance and Mid-point Formulas;
Circles
- The Distance Formula
- The Midpoint Formula
- The Standard Form of the Equation of a Circle
- Using the Standard Form of a Circle's Equation to Graph the Circle
- Converting the General Form of a Circle's Equation to Standard Form and Graphing
the Circle
Chapter 3: Polynomial and Rational Functions
Section 3.1: Quadratic Functions
- Graphs of Quadratic Functions
- Graphing Quadratic Functions in Standard Form
- Minimum and Maximum Values of Quadratic Functions
- Applications of Quadratic Functions
Section 3.2: Polynomial Functions and Their
Graphs
- Identify Polynomial Functions
- Smooth, Continuous Graphs
- End Behavior of Polynomial Functions
- Zeros of Polynomial Functions
- Multiplicities of Zeros
- The Intermediate Value Theorem
- Turning Points of Polynomial Functions
- A Strategy for Graphing Polynomial Functions
Section 3.3: Dividing Polynomials; Remainder
and Factor Theorems
- Long Division of Polynomials and the Division Algorithm
- Dividing Polynomials Using Synthetic Division
- The Remainder Theorem
- The Factor Theorem
Section 3.4: Zeros of Polynomial Functions
- The Rational Zero Theorem
- Find Zeros of a Polynomial Function
- Solving a Polynomial Equation - The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra
- The Linear Factorization Theorem
- Descartes's Rule of Signs
Section 3.5: Rational Functions and Their
Graphs
- Rational Functions
- Use Arrow Notation
- Vertical Asymtotes of Rational Functions
- Horizontal Asymtotes of Rational Functions
- Using Transformations to Graph Rational Functons
- Graphing Rational Functons
- Slant Asymptotes
- Applications
Section 3.6: Polynomial and Rational Inequalities
- Procedure for Solving Polynomial Inequalities
- Solving Rational Inequalities
- Applications
Section 3.7: Modeling Using Variation
- Direct Variation
- Inverse Variation
- Combined Variation
- Joint Variation
Chapter 5: Systems of Equations and Inequalities
Section 5.1: Systems of Linear Equations in
Two Variables
- Systems of Linear Equations and Their Solutions
- Eliminating a Variable Using the Substitution Method
- Eliminating a Variable Using the Addition Method
- Linear Systems Having No Solution or Infinitely Many Solutions
- Functions of Business: Break-Even Analysis
Section 5.2: Systems of Linear Equations in
Three Variables
- Systems of Linear Equations in Three Variables and Their Solutions
- Solving Systems of Linear Equations in Three Variables by Eliminating Variables
- Applications